The Hirkanian Forests are a unique ecosystem located along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea in Iran and Azerbaijan. This temperate rainforest is known for its rich biodiversity, including many endemic plant and animal species. The forests are characterized by a mix of broadleaf trees, such as beech and oak, and lush undergrowth. These forests have a significant ecological role, providing habitat for various wildlife, including the endangered Persian leopard. The Hirkanian Forests are also recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting their importance in global biodiversity and conservation efforts.