The Hijaz is a region in western Saudi Arabia, known for its historical and religious significance. It includes important cities such as Mecca and Medina, which are central to the Islamic faith. The area is characterized by its mountainous terrain and proximity to the Red Sea. Historically, the Hijaz has been a vital trade route and a cultural crossroads. It has played a crucial role in the spread of Islam since the 7th century, making it a pilgrimage destination for millions of Muslims each year during Hajj and Umrah.