Henry Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl of Southampton (1603-1685), was an English nobleman known for his role during the English Civil War. He was a supporter of the Parliamentarians and served as a commander in the New Model Army. His political and military involvement placed him in a significant position during a tumultuous period in English history. Born into a prominent family, Southampton inherited his title from his father, the 2nd Earl. He was also a patron of the arts and had connections with notable figures, including the playwright William Shakespeare, who is believed to have dedicated some works to the Earl.