Heian-kyo, now known as Kyoto, was the capital of Japan from 794 to 1868. Established by Emperor Kammu, it was designed to reflect the principles of Chinese city planning, featuring a grid layout and beautiful gardens. The name "Heian" means "peace" and "tranquility," symbolizing the hope for a stable and prosperous era. During the Heian period, which lasted from 794 to 1185, the city became a cultural center, fostering the development of art, literature, and religion. Notable works, such as The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu, emerged during this time, highlighting the era's rich cultural heritage.