HCO₃⁻, known as bicarbonate, is a negatively charged ion (anion) that plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's pH balance. It acts as a buffer, helping to neutralize acids in the blood and other fluids. Bicarbonate is produced in the body through metabolic processes and is also obtained from dietary sources, such as fruits and vegetables. In addition to its role in pH regulation, HCO₃⁻ is important in the carbon dioxide transport system. It helps carry carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs, where it is exhaled. This process is vital for maintaining respiratory and metabolic functions in the body.