Gustav Landauer (1870-1919) was a German philosopher, social activist, and prominent figure in the German anarchist movement. He is best known for his ideas on socialism and anarchism, advocating for a society based on voluntary cooperation and mutual aid rather than state control. Landauer believed in the importance of culture and community in achieving social change. In addition to his political activism, Landauer was a writer and editor, contributing to various publications. He played a significant role during the German Revolution of 1918-1919, where he served as the Minister of Education in the Bavarian Soviet Republic. His life was cut short when he was killed during the political turmoil following the revolution.