Peter Kropotkin was a Russian philosopher, geographer, and political activist born in 1842. He is best known for his contributions to the theory of anarchism, advocating for a society based on voluntary cooperation and mutual aid rather than hierarchical structures. Kropotkin believed that humans are naturally inclined to work together for the common good. Kropotkin's influential works include "Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution," where he argued that cooperation is as important as competition in the evolution of species. He also played a significant role in the Russian Revolution and was a prominent figure in the early anarchist movement, promoting ideas that challenged traditional social and political norms.