Granular flow refers to the movement of a collection of discrete particles, such as sand or grains, that behave like a fluid under certain conditions. This phenomenon occurs when the particles interact with each other and the surrounding environment, allowing them to flow and change shape. Granular materials can exhibit both solid-like and fluid-like properties, depending on factors like moisture content and particle size. In various applications, such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and construction, understanding granular flow is essential for optimizing processes like mixing, transporting, and storing materials. Researchers study this behavior to improve efficiency and safety in industries that rely on bulk materials.