Glaucoma medications are used to lower intraocular pressure in the eye, helping to prevent damage to the optic nerve. These medications can come in various forms, including eye drops, oral medications, and sometimes injections. They work by either reducing the production of aqueous humor or increasing its drainage from the eye. Common classes of glaucoma medications include prostaglandin analogs, beta-blockers, alpha agonists, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Each type has different mechanisms of action and potential side effects. Regular use and monitoring by an eye care professional are essential for effective management of glaucoma and preserving vision.