German Expressionism was an artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, primarily in Germany. It encompassed various forms of art, including painting, literature, theater, and film. The movement focused on expressing emotional experiences rather than depicting reality, often using bold colors, distorted forms, and exaggerated lines to convey feelings of anxiety, alienation, and social upheaval. Key figures in German Expressionism include artists like Edvard Munch and Wassily Kandinsky, as well as writers such as Franz Kafka. The movement was a response to the rapid industrialization and urbanization of society, reflecting the turmoil and disillusionment of the time.