German Southwest Africa was a colony established by Germany in the late 19th century, covering present-day Namibia. It was part of the broader scramble for Africa, where European powers sought to expand their territories. The colony was officially established in 1884 and lasted until World War I. The region was known for its diverse landscapes, including deserts, mountains, and coastal areas. The indigenous populations, such as the Herero and Nama, faced significant challenges due to colonial policies and conflicts. After Germany's defeat in World War I, the territory was mandated to South Africa by the League of Nations.