German Expressionism was an artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, primarily in Germany. It encompassed various forms of art, including painting, literature, theater, and film. Artists sought to express emotional experiences rather than physical reality, often using bold colors, distorted forms, and exaggerated lines. This movement was a reaction to the industrialization and urbanization of society, reflecting feelings of anxiety and alienation. Key figures in German Expressionism include painters like Edvard Munch and Wassily Kandinsky, as well as writers such as Franz Kafka. The movement significantly influenced later art movements, including Abstract Expressionism and Surrealism, and left a lasting impact on modern art and culture.