The German Constitution, known as the Basic Law (Grundgesetz), was enacted on May 23, 1949. It serves as the fundamental legal framework for the Federal Republic of Germany and outlines the structure of government, the rights of citizens, and the principles of democracy. The Basic Law emphasizes human dignity, the rule of law, and the separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Basic Law was initially intended as a temporary measure but has remained in effect, even after the reunification of Germany in 1990. It includes provisions for protecting individual rights, such as freedom of speech and assembly, and establishes the Federal Constitutional Court to oversee compliance with the constitution.