The term "Basic Law" refers to a constitutional document that serves as the foundation for a legal system in a specific region or country. It outlines the fundamental principles, rights, and responsibilities that govern the state and its citizens. In some cases, such as in Germany, the Basic Law is a formal constitution that was established after World War II to ensure democracy and protect human rights. In Hong Kong, the Basic Law is a mini-constitution that was enacted in 1990, following the handover from British to Chinese sovereignty. It guarantees certain rights and freedoms for residents, as well as the region's autonomy under the "one country, two systems" principle.