Lebanon is a small country located in the Middle East, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Its total area is about 10,452 square kilometers, making it one of the smallest countries in the region. The country features a diverse landscape, including coastal plains, mountain ranges, and fertile valleys. The Lebanon Mountains run parallel to the coast, creating a dramatic backdrop and influencing the climate. The highest peak, Qornet al-Sawda, reaches 3,088 meters. Lebanon's geography also includes the Beqaa Valley, a key agricultural area, and several rivers, such as the Litani River, which is vital for irrigation and water supply.