Geodetic surveys are precise measurements of the Earth's surface, used to determine the positions of points and the distances between them. These surveys take into account the Earth's curvature and gravitational variations, making them essential for mapping and construction projects. They help create accurate maps and support various applications, including land development and navigation. The process involves specialized equipment, such as theodolites and GPS, to collect data over large areas. Geodetic surveys are crucial for establishing property boundaries, planning infrastructure, and conducting scientific research related to earthquakes and climate change.