Genetic retinal diseases are a group of eye disorders caused by mutations in genes that affect the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. These conditions can lead to vision loss and may include diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and Stargardt disease. They often have a hereditary pattern, meaning they can be passed down through families. Symptoms of genetic retinal diseases can vary widely, ranging from night blindness to loss of central vision. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye exam and genetic testing. While there is currently no cure for many of these diseases, ongoing research aims to develop treatments and therapies to help manage symptoms and preserve vision.