Gap junction intercellular communication is a process that allows direct transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells. This occurs through specialized channels called gap junctions, which are formed by proteins known as connexins. These channels enable cells to share information and coordinate their activities, playing a crucial role in various physiological functions. This type of communication is essential in tissues such as the heart, where it helps synchronize heartbeats, and in the nervous system, where it facilitates rapid signaling between neurons. Disruptions in gap junctions can lead to various diseases, highlighting their importance in maintaining cellular health and function.