Frederick I of Anhalt-Dessau (1756-1816) was a German prince and a member of the House of Anhalt. He ruled the principality of Anhalt-Dessau from 1812 until his death in 1816. Frederick was known for his efforts to modernize his territory and improve the welfare of his subjects. He was also a patron of the arts and education, promoting cultural development in his region. Frederick I's reign was marked by a focus on infrastructure and economic growth, which contributed to the stability of Anhalt-Dessau during his rule.