Font rendering is the process of converting text data into a visual representation on a screen. This involves taking the digital font files, which contain information about how each character should look, and displaying them in a way that is clear and legible. Factors like screen resolution, font size, and anti-aliasing techniques can affect how text appears. Different operating systems and applications may use various font rendering engines, such as FreeType or DirectWrite, to achieve optimal results. These engines help improve the appearance of fonts by smoothing edges and adjusting spacing, ensuring that text is easy to read across different devices and resolutions.