The First Republic of Korea was established in 1948, following the end of Japanese colonial rule. It marked the beginning of a new government structure in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, with the aim of creating a democratic state. The republic was led by President Syngman Rhee, who played a significant role in its formation. However, the First Republic faced numerous challenges, including political instability and economic difficulties. It ended in 1960 after widespread protests against corruption and authoritarianism, leading to the establishment of the Second Republic of Korea. This transition marked a significant shift in the country's political landscape.