Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to the practice of partially or completely removing the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. This procedure is often performed on young girls and can lead to severe health complications, including infections, complications during childbirth, and long-term psychological effects. FGM is recognized as a violation of human rights and is illegal in many countries. The practice is rooted in cultural, religious, and social beliefs, and it is prevalent in various regions, particularly in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Efforts to eliminate FGM involve education, community engagement, and legal measures to protect girls and women from this harmful practice.