Fall foliage refers to the colorful transformation of leaves during autumn. As temperatures drop and daylight decreases, chlorophyll—the pigment that makes leaves green—breaks down. This process reveals other pigments, such as carotenoids, which produce yellow and orange hues, and anthocyanins, which create red and purple shades. The vibrant display of fall foliage is most prominent in deciduous trees, such as maple, oak, and birch. The intensity and duration of the colors can vary based on factors like climate, soil moisture, and tree species. Many people enjoy viewing fall foliage, often visiting parks and forests to experience the seasonal beauty.