Autumn colors refer to the vibrant hues that appear in leaves during the fall season. As temperatures drop and daylight decreases, chlorophyll—the green pigment in leaves—breaks down, revealing other pigments such as carotenoids, which produce yellow and orange shades. Additionally, anthocyanins can develop, leading to red and purple colors. These changes create a stunning display in many regions, particularly in areas with deciduous trees like maple, oak, and birch. The phenomenon is most pronounced in temperate climates, where the combination of cool nights and sunny days enhances the intensity of the colors.