Soil moisture refers to the amount of water contained in the soil. It is crucial for plant growth, as it provides the necessary hydration for roots to absorb nutrients. Soil moisture levels can vary based on factors like rainfall, temperature, and soil type, influencing agricultural practices and ecosystem health. Measuring soil moisture helps farmers optimize irrigation and improve crop yields. Various methods, such as using tensiometers or soil moisture sensors, can provide accurate readings. Understanding soil moisture is essential for managing water resources and ensuring sustainable land use in both agriculture and environmental conservation.