Exogenous factors are external influences that can affect a system, organization, or individual. These factors originate outside the entity and can include elements like economic conditions, political events, or social trends. They are important to consider because they can significantly impact decision-making and outcomes. For example, a business may face challenges due to changes in government regulations or shifts in consumer preferences. Understanding exogenous factors helps organizations adapt and strategize effectively, ensuring they remain resilient in a constantly changing environment.