European Expansion refers to the period from the 15th to the 17th centuries when European powers explored, conquered, and colonized vast territories across the globe. This era was marked by significant maritime exploration, driven by the desire for new trade routes, resources, and the spread of Christianity. Countries like Spain, Portugal, France, and England played pivotal roles in establishing overseas empires. The consequences of European Expansion were profound, leading to the exchange of goods, cultures, and ideas, known as the Columbian Exchange. However, it also resulted in the exploitation and oppression of indigenous populations, altering the course of history in regions such as the Americas, Africa, and Asia.