Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg was born on December 16, 1826, and became the ruler of the duchy of Saxe-Altenburg in 1852. He was a member of the House of Wettin, a prominent German royal family. His reign lasted until his death in 1908, during which he focused on modernizing the duchy and improving its infrastructure. Ernst II was known for his interest in education and the arts, promoting cultural development in his territory. He also played a role in the political landscape of Germany during the 19th century, navigating the complexities of regional governance amid the unification of Germany.