Saxe-Altenburg was a small duchy in Germany, part of the historical region of Thuringia. It existed from the early 19th century until 1918, when monarchies were abolished after World War I. The duchy was known for its picturesque landscapes and rich cultural heritage, including various castles and historical sites. The capital of Saxe-Altenburg was the town of Altenburg, which served as the political and cultural center. The ruling family, the House of Saxe-Altenburg, played a significant role in the region's history, contributing to its development and governance during its existence.