Eritrea's history is marked by its strategic location along the Red Sea, which has made it a crossroads for various cultures and civilizations. The region was inhabited by ancient kingdoms, including the Kingdom of Aksum, known for its trade and early adoption of Christianity. In the late 19th century, Eritrea became an Italian colony, leading to significant changes in its social and economic structures. After World War II, Eritrea was federated with Ethiopia but was annexed in 1962, sparking a long struggle for independence. The Eritrean War of Independence lasted for 30 years, culminating in Eritrea gaining independence in 1993. Today, Eritrea is known for its diverse cultures and historical sites.