Eric Berne was a Canadian psychiatrist best known for developing the theory of Transactional Analysis. Born in 1910, he introduced this psychological framework in the 1950s, focusing on the interactions between individuals and how these can be understood through three ego states: Parent, Adult, and Child. His work emphasized the importance of communication and relationships in mental health. Berne's ideas have influenced various fields, including psychotherapy, education, and organizational development. He authored several books, with his most famous being Games People Play, which explores the hidden dynamics in social interactions.