Electrochemical processes involve chemical reactions that occur at the interface of an electrode and an electrolyte, where electrical energy is converted into chemical energy or vice versa. These processes are fundamental in various applications, such as batteries, fuel cells, and electroplating. For instance, in a battery, chemical reactions generate electricity, powering devices like smartphones and electric vehicles. In electrochemical cells, oxidation and reduction reactions take place, allowing electrons to flow through an external circuit. This flow of electrons is what provides electrical energy. Understanding these processes is crucial for developing more efficient energy storage systems and improving technologies like solar panels and hydrogen fuel cells.