Electrolysis is a chemical process that uses electricity to break down compounds into their individual elements. It typically involves passing an electric current through a liquid or solution that conducts electricity, known as an electrolyte. This process can separate elements like hydrogen and oxygen from water, allowing us to produce gases that can be used for various applications. During electrolysis, two electrodes are placed in the electrolyte: the anode (positive electrode) and the cathode (negative electrode). When electricity flows, positive ions move toward the cathode, where they gain electrons and are reduced, while negative ions move toward the anode, where they lose electrons and are oxidized. This movement of ions is what enables the separation of elements.