The Elamite civilization was an ancient culture that thrived in what is now southwestern Iran, particularly in the region known as Elam. It existed from around 3200 BCE until its decline in the 6th century BCE. The Elamites developed a unique language and script, and their society was known for its advanced architecture, art, and trade networks. Elam was often in contact and conflict with neighboring civilizations, such as Mesopotamia and Babylon. The Elamites established several important cities, including Susa, which served as a political and cultural center. Their contributions to early urban development and governance played a significant role in the history of the ancient Near East.