Ecological interdependence refers to the way different organisms and their environments rely on each other for survival. In an ecosystem, plants, animals, and microorganisms interact in complex relationships, such as food chains and nutrient cycles. For example, plants produce oxygen and food through photosynthesis, which supports herbivores that, in turn, provide energy for carnivores. These interactions create a balance within ecosystems, where changes in one species can affect others. If a species becomes endangered or extinct, it can disrupt the entire system. Understanding ecological interdependence helps us recognize the importance of biodiversity and the need for conservation efforts.