Earthquake models are scientific tools used to simulate and predict the behavior of earthquakes. These models help researchers understand how seismic waves travel through the Earth's crust and how different geological conditions can affect the intensity and impact of an earthquake. By analyzing historical data and using mathematical equations, scientists can create simulations that provide insights into potential earthquake scenarios. There are various types of earthquake models, including deterministic models, which predict specific events based on known faults, and probabilistic models, which assess the likelihood of earthquakes occurring in a given area over time. These models are essential for improving earthquake preparedness and informing building codes to enhance safety in earthquake-prone regions.