Ground motion prediction refers to the estimation of how the ground will shake during an earthquake. This process uses mathematical models and historical data to forecast the intensity and duration of seismic waves at specific locations. Accurate predictions help in assessing potential damage and guiding emergency response efforts. Seismologists utilize various factors, such as the earthquake's magnitude, depth, and distance from the epicenter, to create these predictions. Tools like the ShakeMap system provide real-time information about ground shaking, aiding in disaster preparedness and risk management for communities vulnerable to earthquakes.