Earth's materials consist of various natural resources that make up the planet's structure. These include rocks, minerals, soil, water, and gases. Rocks are classified into three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, each formed through different geological processes. Minerals, the building blocks of rocks, have specific chemical compositions and physical properties. Soil is a vital material that supports plant life and is composed of organic matter, minerals, air, and water. Water, found in oceans, rivers, and lakes, is essential for all living organisms. Additionally, gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide are crucial for sustaining life and regulating the Earth's climate.