The Earls of Desmond were a prominent noble family in Ireland, specifically in the province of Munster. They were part of the Geraldine lineage, which played a significant role in Irish history from the 12th to the 17th centuries. The title was first created in 1328 for John FitzGerald, and the family became influential landowners and political figures in the region. The Earls were involved in various conflicts, including the Desmond Rebellions against English rule in the late 16th century. Their power declined after the defeat of the last Earl, James FitzGerald, in 1583, leading to the confiscation of their lands and the end of their political influence in Ireland.