Dutch painting refers to the art produced in the Netherlands during the 17th century, known as the Dutch Golden Age. This period saw a flourishing of various genres, including landscape, still life, genre scenes, and portraiture. Artists like Rembrandt and Vermeer became renowned for their innovative techniques and attention to detail, capturing the essence of everyday life and the natural world. The use of light and shadow, known as chiaroscuro, was a hallmark of Dutch painting, enhancing the realism of the subjects. Additionally, the rise of the middle class during this time led to an increased demand for art, resulting in a diverse range of works that reflected both personal and collective experiences.