The Dutch Golden Age refers to a period in the 17th century when the Netherlands experienced significant economic, cultural, and artistic growth. This era was marked by advancements in trade, science, and the arts, leading to the rise of a wealthy merchant class. The Dutch Republic became a major maritime power, establishing a vast trading network that included colonies and trading posts around the world. During this time, notable artists such as Rembrandt and Vermeer produced iconic works that are celebrated today. The period also saw the development of new scientific ideas and innovations, with figures like Christiaan Huygens contributing to fields such as physics and astronomy. The Dutch Golden Age left a lasting impact on European culture and history.