Drift velocity refers to the average velocity that charged particles, such as electrons, attain due to an electric field in a conductor. When an electric field is applied, these particles move in a specific direction, resulting in a net flow of charge. This movement is typically slow, as the individual particles collide with atoms in the material, which impedes their motion. In a conductor like copper, the drift velocity is influenced by factors such as the strength of the electric field and the material's properties. Although the drift velocity is small, it is essential for understanding how electric current flows and how devices like resistors and capacitors operate.