Electron mobility refers to how easily electrons can move through a material when an electric field is applied. It is a crucial property in semiconductors and conductors, influencing how efficiently they can conduct electricity. Higher mobility means that electrons can travel faster, leading to better performance in electronic devices. Factors affecting electron mobility include temperature, material structure, and impurities. For instance, in silicon, a common semiconductor, mobility decreases at higher temperatures due to increased scattering from atoms. Understanding electron mobility helps engineers design more efficient transistors and other electronic components.