Cuban Independence refers to the struggle of Cuba to gain freedom from Spanish colonial rule, which began in the late 19th century. The first major conflict was the Ten Years' War (1868-1878), led by figures like Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. Although it ended without achieving independence, it sparked further efforts for liberation. The final push for independence came during the Spanish-American War in 1898, when the United States intervened. Following the war, the Treaty of Paris ceded control of Cuba to the U.S., but Cuba gained formal independence in 1902, marking the end of Spanish colonial rule.