Coturnix refers to a genus of small, ground-dwelling birds commonly known as quails. These birds are found in various regions around the world, particularly in Europe, Asia, and Africa. They are characterized by their short, rounded bodies, small heads, and distinctive calls. Coturnix species are often raised for their meat and eggs, making them popular in both commercial and backyard farming. One of the most well-known species within this genus is the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), which is frequently used in research and agriculture. Coturnix birds are social and typically live in groups, foraging for seeds and insects. Their adaptability to different environments contributes to their widespread presence.