The Constitution of 1791 was the first written constitution of France, established during the French Revolution. It aimed to create a constitutional monarchy, limiting the powers of the king and establishing a separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. This constitution introduced a system of elected representatives and defined the rights of citizens, promoting principles of liberty and equality. However, it faced challenges and was eventually replaced by the more radical Constitution of 1793 as political tensions escalated during the revolution.