Congenital syndromes are a group of disorders that are present at birth and result from genetic or environmental factors. These syndromes can affect various parts of the body, leading to a range of physical, developmental, and health issues. Examples include Down syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, and Marfan syndrome, a genetic disorder affecting connective tissue. The causes of congenital syndromes can be complex, involving multiple genes or environmental influences during pregnancy. Some syndromes are inherited from parents, while others may arise from spontaneous genetic mutations. Early diagnosis and intervention can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for affected individuals.