Computational models are mathematical representations used to simulate real-world systems and processes. They help researchers and scientists understand complex phenomena by breaking them down into simpler components. These models can be implemented using computer algorithms, allowing for analysis and predictions based on various input parameters. These models are widely used in fields such as biology, economics, and engineering. For example, in climate science, computational models simulate weather patterns to predict future climate changes. By using these models, experts can make informed decisions and develop strategies to address challenges in their respective fields.