Colonial expansion refers to the process by which powerful nations established control over foreign territories, often for economic gain, resources, and strategic advantages. This movement began in the late 15th century and continued into the 20th century, with countries like Spain, Britain, and France leading the way. Colonizers often claimed land inhabited by indigenous peoples, leading to significant cultural and social changes. The impact of colonial expansion was profound, resulting in the spread of European languages, religions, and governance systems. It also led to the exploitation of local resources and labor, as well as conflicts and resistance from native populations. The legacy of colonialism continues to influence global relations today.