Collectivization was a policy implemented in the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and 1930s, aimed at consolidating individual peasant farms into large, state-controlled collective farms, known as kolkhozes. This initiative sought to increase agricultural productivity and ensure state control over food production, aligning with the goals of Joseph Stalin and the Communist Party. The process often involved the forced removal of wealthier peasants, called kulaks, who resisted the changes. Collectivization led to widespread famine, particularly in Ukraine, resulting in millions of deaths. Despite its goals, the policy faced significant challenges and ultimately disrupted traditional agricultural practices.